Anatomy:
The breast is composed of glandular, connective, and adipose tissues. This glandular tissue is made up of numerous milk producing lobules and ducts. The breast ligaments originate over the span of the pectoralis major muscle, while most of it lies over the "second to the sixth ribs."
Areolar and mammary glands are exocrine glands. Estrogens, and progestogens are different categories of hormones; Prolactin is another type of hormone.
Breasts contain 'estrogen receptor alpha' (ERα), 'progesterone receptor B' (PRB), and 'prolactin receptor' (PrlR) proteins. Estradiol, progesterone and prolactin normally activate these receptors, in respective order, that cause breast growth.
Estrogens cause elongation or forward growth of (lactiferous) duct cells, through activation of ER-α. PRB activation, causes side-branching of ducts. Progestogens also cause stimulation of connective breast tissue (cooper's ligaments). Growth of milk producing glands is caused by prolactin. 'Insulin-like growth-factor 1' (IGF-1) causes breast epithelial cell proliferation. Lower (but existent) androgen levels are associated with larger breast sizes.
Cycling or influencing hormones together may lessen cell receptor desensitization. Also, an overload by strong or excessive antagonisms may damage receptors, desensitizing them.
Endocrinology:
Prolactin and progesterone signal each other in a loop to boost each other's presence (only at certain times), while lowering luteinizing hormone (LH). Menstruation is signaled to start by LH. Massage raises prolactin, which at times can raise progesterone.
Long, frequent, or heavy periods can be attributed to too much estradiol, LH or FSH. This has to be balanced out by progesterone or prolactin.
Don't supplement with human hormones, use herbs that influence human hormones or provide phytohormones, or areola massage. Anti-DHT herbs are important, because DHT inhibits breast growth more than other androgens.
LH and FSH stimulate ovulation, and these two hormones have been administered to cause pregnancy or cause multiple births. Too much LH or FSH over extended use may be a risk for premature ovarian reserve failure or early menopause. LH and FSH stimulating herbs are unsafe to take during pregnancy, as they induce contractions, or try to start menstruation.
References:
* activation - Hormone Action in the Mammary Gland
* endogenus - Breast size in relation to endogenous hormone levels, body constitution, and oral contraceptive use in healthy nulligravid women aged 19-25 years
* mlpswelling - Breast:premenstrual tenderness and swelling
* yj - Yen & Jaffe's Reproductive Endocrinology (6th Ed.): The breast
* Britannica (2012)
The breast is composed of glandular, connective, and adipose tissues.
Areolar and mammary glands are exocrine glands. Estrogens, and progestogens are different categories of hormones; Prolactin is another type of hormone.
Breasts contain 'estrogen receptor alpha' (ERα), 'progesterone receptor B' (PRB), and 'prolactin receptor' (PrlR) proteins. Estradiol, progesterone and prolactin normally activate these receptors, in respective order, that cause breast growth.
Estrogens cause elongation or forward growth of (lactiferous) duct cells,
Cycling or influencing hormones together may lessen cell receptor desensitization. Also, an overload by strong or excessive antagonisms may damage receptors, desensitizing them.
Endocrinology:
Prolactin and progesterone signal each other in a loop to boost each other's presence (only at certain times), while lowering luteinizing hormone (LH). Menstruation is signaled to start by LH. Massage raises prolactin, which at times can raise progesterone.
Long, frequent, or heavy periods can be attributed to too much estradiol, LH or FSH. This has to be balanced out by progesterone or prolactin.
Don't supplement with human hormones, use herbs that influence human hormones or provide phytohormones, or areola massage. Anti-DHT herbs are important, because DHT inhibits breast growth more than other androgens.
LH and FSH stimulate ovulation, and these two hormones have been administered to cause pregnancy or cause multiple births. Too much LH or FSH over extended use may be a risk for premature ovarian reserve failure or early menopause.
References:
* activation - Hormone Action in the Mammary Gland
* endogenus - Breast size in relation to endogenous hormone levels, body constitution, and oral contraceptive use in healthy nulligravid women aged 19-25 years
* mlpswelling - Breast:premenstrual tenderness and swelling
* yj - Yen & Jaffe's Reproductive Endocrinology (6th Ed.): The breast
* Britannica (2012)